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Capacitors are used in most electronic products, and it’s common to see many of them populating a circuit board. These cylindrical devices store power the way a reservoir stores water. So when a circuit needs a bit of juice, the cap releases it. A capacitor is able to deliver power more rapidly than the car’s charging system because the power capacitor has a lower internal resistance, which allows it to quickly discharge.

In the early 1990s, car audio sound-off competitors started adding large capacitors to their sound systems to provide instantaneous power when peaks in a musical passage demanded it. Before long, car audio-specific capacitors became available to the masses, and now they are a common sight in most high-end systems Capacitors are rated in Farads, which is a measure of how much power they can store. The rule of thumb is to use 1 Farad of capacitance for every 1,000watts of power. So if you have a 500-watt system, you would need a 0.5-Farad capacitor.

Capacitors are available in Farad ratings ranging from 0.5 up to 40 for extremely high-powered systems, and vary in price from $75 for a 0.5-Farad cap to more than $500 for a large-Farad version. Besides Farad rating and shape, capacitors also differ in features, with some sporting built-in digital voltage meters and power-distribution blocks. You can buy a capacitor from most car audio retailers, and they’re available online from e-retailers such as Crutchfield (www.crutchfield.com).

You probably don’t need a capacitor if you have a modest system without a subwoofer, but you could probably use one if your system includes at least one subwoofer. If you have several amplifiers and multiple subwoofers, adding a cap or two can definitely improve your system’s performance. Whether you need a capacitor also depends on how much current your amplifiers draw from the vehicle’s charging system as well as the type of music you listen to. If you primarily listen to bass-heavy rap music and your headlights dim every time your system hits a bass note because of the strain on your car’s charging system, a capacitor could help. (You should also have your car’s electrical system checked to make sure it’s up to snuff, however.) Or if you think the total current draw of all of the amplifiers in your system starts to exceed the capacity of your car’s alternator, you’ll probably want to add a cap.

Just 14 months after the launch of the EOS Rebel XSi (450D), Canon has unveiled its latest model, the Rebel T1i (500D). It's the fifth generation of Rebel and enters the market at a difficult time - in the midst of a global economic downturn and against the fiercest competition we've ever seen in the entry-level DSLR sector. So what has Canon done to make this latest model in the longest-established family in the sector live up to the edgy and exciting image implied by its US naming?

“In your opinion, does cat is afraid of water? Yes? No? The answer is absolutely no. Sometimes, we can see a cat jump into the water. The cat fans proofed that the fact of the cats’ larger relatives, such as tigers and jaguars love to swim. So, why isn’t the cat likely to swim? For your information, the cats have cleanliness extremely. It won’t get wet because it’s so lazy. Its figures it isn’t worth the effort to dry and clean itself with its tongue to enjoy something as superficial as marine frolic frisk. Unless you make it starve and fill up your pool with fish, your cat will easily pounce into that pool :P…So cute”

This fact I took from the Readers Digest magazine, issued November 2008. I’m a cat lover, since my house have 4 cats, 2girls and 2 boys. But it was in my childhood. I’m too afraid to adopt a cat now because I can’t face with it death. It was a terrible feel when you love most to the cat and it died. Worst case scenario, it dies in front of you. The last time I’ve adopted a cat when I was in primary school (1997). After that, I just see, play and frisk with the cat at my friend’s house or my uncle’s house.
In this post, I would like to introduce about a cat. Distinguish and know what it need, food, toys and a little bit about it language. Actually, all of the facts and information I’ve got a little from my experience since I was child and a little from my friends. Right after finishing the post, you’ll be able to start adopting cat and manage it well. Actually, cat is a much pampered pet. It needs a lot of attention and care from its adopter. The cat can show grumble or feel unhappiness while its adopter won’t much care to it. “Cats may express affection towards their human companions, especially if they imprint on them at a very young age and are treated with consistent affection.” This fact I took from Wikipedia show that cat has a sense to human and we should take attention to this fact if we are really want to take care of it.

The House
Familiarize your cat back to your home at night with feed it constantly besides teach them to stay at your home. It is necessary to prevent from any fights, collide with a car or keep away for any dangerous for it life. The majority of cats feel comfortable in the house and also many of the owners choose their cat to stay at their home for sense of harmony and extra of calmness. The manner of cats such as pampered, cuteness and the way it play make people enjoy and feel happy. “It’s such an amazing feeling will come out from your heart when you play with the cats”, said Ashoney who are the process engineer in the Seagate Company, Johor Bahru, Malaysia. She said that, everyday she spends about one to two hours with her cats after back from the office. Although she is tired and pressure with her works, she must play with the cats to release all her tiresome at the office. She also said that, cats make her feel happiness and can be very good friends forever.

The Language
Cats also have body language to express to the surroundings how it feels. Below are the examples on how you can predict what their feels are:

A few years ago in the community of student, there has a boy called 'bersahaje'. He loved to play 'Counter Strike' almost every time when there was a chance. Students in the college shouting and sometimes laughed when playing the game. Shooting the enemy or opponents with the chosen weapons, escape from the horror shooting scenes and for the terrorist plant the C4 bomb on the counter base. Actually, the tactical of this game is run, hide and attack. It wasn't mean that run means coward. That what we call strategy to win the game. Besides able to handling the weapon, Sniper, ambush and guard of the basement are the important tactical of this game.

Basically, when I played this great game, I feel like in the real shooting scenes such as in the Shoot Them Up movie starring by Clive Owen or Hitman starring by Timothy Olyphant. Shooting with the skill and right technical will kill your opponent in a style look. But this only in game guys, not in the real life. So, the 'Counter Strike' have a lot of real weapons such as Eagle, Ak47, M16 and many more besides of the side safety stuff such as helmet, bullet proof and defuser kits.

So, in this post, I don't want to explain much more about that game. I just want to brief or maybe discuss about similar to "Counter Strike". That's paintball. Paintball (PB) is another part of the extreme games in the world which about 5.4 million people played the game in the United States in 2007, with over 1.5 million playing at least 15 times. It's showed that this game got an attention peoples nowadays. Maybe, all these peoples love 'Counter Strike' just like me :P. From the computer game turns into real life game. The healthy activity actually have a main rules same like 'Counter Strike'. 2 groups of people trying hard to eliminate their opponent by shooting using the paintball gun (pellets containing paint).

The game can play either indoor or outdoor which is depends on player as long as the site is relevant and practical. But almost people who play this game prefer to go to commercial paintball parks. In the park, there has built inflatable or permanent bunkers. Bunkers is used to shield players from been shooting. In my experienced (based on Counter Strike :P), the shooting game principle use 3 concepts:

1. Hide
Hiding when someone shooting on you or want to ambush the opponent.





2. Run
Run either for hunting your opponent or to escape being shooting. Run to safety place or call the back up.




3. Attack
Attack with tactical may wreck your opponent. While attacking, you should be relax and focus. Don't be afraid because the paint bullet won't killing you furthermore it's just a ball!! Being a little painful is normal in the extreme game :).


What are the equipments we should have to play this game?

Mask and complete paintball marker (Gun) are the basic equipment for this game. Usually, the paintball park already have all the tools and equipment for play including site, uniform, mask, gun and pallets.
Let's Get To Play.

First, assemble 2 groups of you friends each group at least has 4 members. The more members you have, the more pleasant you'll get.

Second, go to your nearest paintball park. Don't forget to wear a sport shoes.

Third, pay up for the site rent.

Fourth, play in a safe environment. Respect people and avoid fighting. The person who get shot, will out from the game.

I’m in a good mood today, so i want to share info and experienced to set up a decent ICE for a car. I’m not the ICE freak, join the competition or IASCA ...just a person that only read a lot and not worry to try. Give me a comments and teach if I’m wrong..huuhuhu. Actually, set up an ICE is my hobby since I have a car (05). This hobby make interest and the interest courage me to post this article.



Before i proceed, take note that, there is no actuall measurement for the best ICE system. Music is subjective and just the owner can decide either good or not. Here I’m just explain the guidelines in how to achieve good audio experience, whereas applied by professional.

The Theory

ICE
has2 categories,SQ (Sound Quality) is a category that emphasize the quality of sound while SPL (Sound Pressure Level) is a category that focusing on the strength (loudness). SPL is easy to explain, the system is LOUD !And also easy to achieve besides the cost is cheap. The car with SPL usually can hear the sound even when we are a mile from them, kikikikiki (chuckle).(people always make a wrong prediction, they thought loud is best quality,Woow, awesome or tremendous)

The one who focusing on SQ is the one who take very serious in quality of the sound, all the frequencies vocal and instrument produce well balance, clarity, projection, not loud, more expensive and complicated system.

Which one do you?

4 important factors that need to focus in term of designing your ICE.

1. Staging



Staging is the process to create a stage in your car. The simple example is when you are in a concert, stage will construct in front of the crowd. No concert in this world will build up the stage behind the crowd, unless there are crazy kikikikiki. In a car, stage is placed somewhere on your dashboard. Vocal come out from the middle and the musicians will set on the right and left upon your dashboard.

2. Imaging

After staging, vocal and all the musicians, we need to set up a project which the sound is sharp came from the instrument. As the example, in a concert, the drum sound is came from the drummer which placed in the middle of the stage. No drum sound from the back or the other side of stage.


3. Direction

Sound has frequency. The high frequency is easy to know from whre it’s came rather than the low frequency. To produce a good staging, we need to tune the frequency to make it came from front. Tweeter which produced high frequency, is very important component to produce a good staging. Basically, tweeter is placed on the dashboard and will direct into the middle of car to produce the effect of vocal which is in front and in the middle of the car.

The low frequency (i.e subwoofer) will place behind the car cos it hard to detect from where it came.

4. Equipment

Enough for mumbling section. Lets look what kind of stuff we need to build an ICE. Take a note, The more simple system the more easy to gain a good quality of ICE.

I suggest that you do a road map planning such below. So, you buy the stuff systematically follow the list below to ensure you’re not out of the budget.

1. Headunit !This is very IMPORTANT stuff. If you’re using the best unit, the best you got (changing the car to a bistro :p). This is the heart of your ICE. . I suggest that buy a branded head unit. Facts need to focus when buying head unit (HU)

a. How many RCA output ? Higher is very goods. The cheap HU usually has 1, mid range has 2 and the high grade has 3. This for easier when you fix into your amp

b. Built in equalizer. Some has built in electronic crossover

c. Security. removal face plate. Avoid attraction to theft

Trust me, without changing the speaker you can gain way better sound quality in just change the HU.



2. Component speakers

speakers component is a set of speaker that has 1 set of midbase, 1 set of passive crossover dan 1 set of tweeter.It fixed on the front door and dashboard of the car. My suggestion choose the branded one to gain the best sound clarity . Component set is a starter kit to build up the good staging and imaging. Basically,set of component is enough to produce the good staging and imaging.

There are many size of component set from 5 1/4" to 6 3/4". Mostly people choose 6 1/2", same goes to me. Cos it’s not to big and to small. Also can give the satisfy of a sound.

I can guarantee you, after fix the speaker component, your sound system car would be different, get better than previous. It’s clear and quality cos we’ve built the stage on your car.

3. Amplifier



We always heard, if we feed 200W amp into 50W speaker will damage the speaker. It’s ultimately not right. From my experienced in set up the Ice, for functio0n up a



speaker in the best sound; it’s need an enough power to move the speaker coil. When the coil is move up with the sufficient power, the distortion will gone. Let the power more feed into your speaker as long as it’s not more than PMPO speaker.

IMPORTANT : Measure amp/speakers/HU in RMS not in PMPO. RMS is a nominal power that produce by amp or HU. This power is needed for speaker.

Amp has variety types., 2 or 4 channel and monoblog. For the initial, I suggest 4 channel amp. Ensure that it’s has an active crossover.The good amp usually take cost more than myr800 (about USD 250)

4. Subwoofer

For the 1st timer, use 10” or 12”. Find single coil sub and 4 Ohm. Ensure that it’s can produce sound between 20Hz to 1kHz. Subwoofer box is crucial important. Ensure that you go to the specialize on making of this box. They known the best specs of subwoofer box. Don't ever you buy the ready made that always sell at the accessories shop.
Design

The simplest design, Amp will connect to input of subwoofer and front speaker...prefer RCA.

From the front Amp output, connect to component speakers which placed on the front door and dashboard. Set the amp to high pass for component speaker.

From Amp subwoofer output, connect on subwoofer which placed at the bonnet. And set to low pass.

Tuning

Prepare you ears, ensure that it has been clean from any particles (kikikikikiki)... Press the built in equalizer to give imaging to your stage and coding to your ears. Play with fader to get staging in front of your car. If you have the back speaker, ignore it and play with the slow volume without disturbing your stage.
For a subwoofer, try to overlap the subwoofer frequency with midbase component. This is to gain the effect of bass clearly that come from front.

Hard to tune the sound system, as a guideline try to use imaging, staging and direction concept set

Good Luck Dude!!!